Iterambere rya societe nubukungu byatumye ingufu ziyongera.Abantu ubu bahuye nakazi katoroshye: gushaka imbaraga nshya.Kubera isuku, umutekano n'ubunini, ingufu z'izuba zifatwa nk'isoko y'ingufu zikomeye mu kinyejana cya 21.Ifite kandi ubushobozi bwo kubona umutungo utaboneka ahandi nkamashanyarazi, ingufu za kirimbuzi, cyangwa amashanyarazi.Amatara yizuba ya LED ni inzira igenda yiyongera kandi hariho gutoranya gutangaje kwamatara yizuba arahari.Tuzaganira ku makuru ajyanye naamatara y'izuba.
Nikiyayoboyeamatara y'izuba?
Amatara yizuba akoresha urumuri rwizuba nkingufu.Imirasire y'izuba yishyuza bateri ku manywa kandi bateri zitanga ingufu kumucyo nijoro.Ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyira imiyoboro ihenze kandi igoye.Urashobora guhindura imiterere yamatara uko bishakiye.Ibi bifite umutekano, bikora neza, kandi bitarimo umwanda.Amatara yizuba agizwe nibice nka selile yizuba (panneaux solaire), bateri, kugenzura ubwenge, amasoko yumucyo mwinshi, inkingi zumucyo nibikoresho byo kwishyiriraho.Ibintu byamatara asanzwe yayobowe nizuba birashobora kuba:
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi:Inkingi yoroheje ikozwe mubyuma byose kandi birashyushye-bigashyirwa hejuru.
Imirasire y'izuba:Polycrystalline cyangwa kristaline silicon izuba 30-200WP;
Umugenzuzi:Igenzura ryihariye ryamatara yizuba, kugenzura igihe + kugenzura urumuri, kugenzura ubwenge (amatara yaka iyo ari umwijima kandi uzimye iyo ari umucyo);
Bateri zibika ingufu:Byuzuye bifunze byuzuye bitarimo aside irike 12V50-200Ah cyangwa batiri ya lithium Ironphosphate / bateri ya ternary, nibindi.
Inkomoko y'umucyo:Kuzigama ingufu, imbaraga nyinshi LED isoko yumucyo
Uburebure bwa pole yoroheje:Metero 5-12 (irashobora gukorwa kugirango abakiriya babone ibyo bakeneye);
Iyo imvura irimo kugwa:Irashobora gukoreshwa ubudasiba kumunsi wimvura 3 kugeza 4 (uturere / ibihe bitandukanye).
Niguteyayoboyeurumuri rw'izubasakazi?
Amatara yizuba LED akoresha imirasire yizuba kugirango ahindure urumuri rwizuba rukoreshwa mumashanyarazi.Ibi bibitswe mumasanduku yo kugenzura munsi yumucyo.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amatara y'izuba ushobora kubona ku isoko?
Amatara y'izuba Amatara yizuba akora neza kuruta amatara asanzwe ya LED.Bafite bateri ya aside-acide cyangwa lithium ishobora kwishyurwa nizuba rimwe cyangwa byinshi byizuba.Igihe cyo kwishyuza ni amasaha 8.Ariko, igihe cyo kwishyuza gishobora gufata amasaha agera kuri 8-24. Imiterere yigikoresho irashobora gutandukana bitewe nuburyo ifite ibikoresho bya kure cyangwa kwishyuza.
Imirasire y'izuba (amatara yindege)Kugenda, indege hamwe namatara yumuhanda bigira uruhare runini. Amatara yumucyo wumucyo nigisubizo cyibura ryamashanyarazi mubice byinshi. Inkomoko yumucyo ahanini ni LED, ifite amatara mato mato cyane. Aya masoko yumucyo yatanze inyungu mubukungu nubukungu.
Imirasire y'izubaImbaraga zitanga urumuri rwamatara yizuba ni 0.1-1W.Ibikoresho bito bitanga urumuri (LED) mubisanzwe bikoreshwa nkisoko nyamukuru yumucyo. Imbaraga zumuriro ziva kuri 0,5W kugeza 3W.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa na bateri ya nikel (1,2V) hamwe nizindi bateri (12).
Kumurika izubaAmatara yumucyo Amatara yizuba arashobora gukoreshwa muri parike, ahantu h'icyatsi no mubindi bice.Bakoresha imbaraga zinyuranye zifite ingufu nkeya, zifite ingufu nke za LED kumurongo, amatara yerekana, hamwe namatara yerekana ubukonje bwa cathode kugirango bashimishe ibidukikije. Amatara yumucyo arashobora gutanga ingaruka nziza kumurika kubutaka atarimbuye ikibanza kibisi.
Itara ry'izubaKumurika kumibare yinzu, ibimenyetso byambukiranya, kuyobora ijoro nimero yinzu.Imikoreshereze ya sisitemu nibisabwa ni bike, kimwe nibisabwa kumatara ya luminous. Inkomoko yumucyo muto LED, cyangwa amatara akonje ya cathode arashobora gukoreshwa nku isoko yumucyo kumatara.
Itara ryumuhanda Ikoreshwa ryingenzi ryamatara yizuba yumuriro nayumucyo kumuhanda no mumidugudu. Amashanyarazi make, amatara yumuvuduko mwinshi wa gazi (HID), amatara ya fluorescent, amatara ya sodium yumuvuduko muke hamwe na LED zifite ingufu nyinshi nisoko yumucyo.Kubera aho igarukira muri rusange imbaraga, ntabwo imanza nyinshi zikoreshwa mumihanda minini yumujyi.Ikoreshwa ryamatara yumuhanda wamafoto yizuba kumuhanda munini uziyongera hiyongereyeho imirongo ya komini.
Imirasire y'izuba urumuriIfite akamaro muri parike, mu murima no guhinga. Muri rusange, amatara ya fluorescent afite ibikoresho byihariye.Amatara menshi yateye imbere akoresha amatara ya LED.Amatara asohora imirongo yihariye ifata kandi ikica udukoko.
Amatara yizubaAmatara yubusitani bwizuba arashobora gukoreshwa kumurika no gushushanya imihanda yo mumijyi, aho gutura nubucuruzi, parike hamwe n’ubukerarugendo bukurura ba mukerarugendo, ibibuga, n’utundi turere.Ushobora guhindura uburyo bwo kumurika ibyavuzwe haruguru muburyo bwizuba bitewe nibyo ukeneye.
Ukeneye kumenya mugihe uteganya kugura amatara yizuba
Imirasire y'izuba itari yo
Abagurisha amatara menshi yizuba bazagurisha ingufu zitari zo (wattage), cyane cyane amatara yo kumuhanda cyangwa izuba.Amatara akunze kuvuga ko afite ingufu za watt 100, 200 cyangwa 500 watt.Nyamara, imbaraga nyazo nubucyo ni kimwe cya cumi gusa hejuru.Ntibishoboka kubigeraho.Ibi biterwa nimpamvu eshatu zingenzi: icya mbere, ntamahame yinganda zamatara yizuba.Icya kabiri, abayikora ntibashobora kubara imbaraga zamatara yizuba bakoresheje ibipimo byabashinzwe kuyobora.Icya gatatu, abaguzi ntibumva amatara yizuba kandi birashoboka cyane ko bahitamo kugura amatara afite imbaraga nyinshi.Niyo mpamvu abatanga isoko batazagurisha ibicuruzwa byabo niba badafite imbaraga zikwiye.
Ubushobozi bwa batteri hamwe na panne ya fotovoltaque bigabanya imbaraga (wattage) yamatara yizuba.Niba itara ryaka mugihe kitarenze amasaha 8, bizakenera byibura bateri 3.7V ya ternary 220AH cyangwa 6V kugirango igere kumurabyo wa watt 100.Muburyo bwa tekiniki, paneli ya Photovoltaque ifite 260 watt izaba ihenze kandi kuyibona biragoye.
Imbaraga zikoreshwa nizuba zigomba kuba zingana na bateri
Amatara amwe yizuba yakozwe nababikora arangwa na bateri 15A, ariko afite ibikoresho bya 6V15W.Ibi ntibivuga.6.V15W yamashanyarazi irashobora gutanga 2.5AH yamashanyarazi kumasaha.Ntibishoboka ko 15W ifotora yumuriro ishobora kwaka bateri 15A mumasaha 4.5 yumucyo wizuba niba impuzandengo yizuba ari 4.5H.
Urashobora gutwarwa no kuvuga ngo “Ntutekereze ikindi gihe kitari amasaha 4.5.”Nukuri ko amashanyarazi ashobora kubyara ikindi gihe hiyongereyeho agaciro kayo hejuru yamasaha 4.5.Aya magambo ni ukuri.Ubwa mbere, ingufu zitanga ingufu mubindi bihe kuruta ibihe byo hejuru ni bike.Icya kabiri, guhindura ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro hano ubarwa ukoresheje guhinduka 100%.Ntabwo bitangaje kuba ingufu za Photovoltaque zishobora kugera kuri 80% murwego rwo kwishyuza bateri.Niyo mpamvu 10000mA powerbank yawe idashobora kwishyuza 2000mA iPhone inshuro eshanu.Ntabwo turi inzobere muriki gice kandi ntidukeneye kumenya neza amakuru arambuye.
Monocrystalline silicon paneli ikora neza kuruta iyakozwe na silikoni ya polyikristaline
Ibi ntabwo ari byiza.
Ibigo byinshi byamamaza ko imirasire yizuba n'amatara yizuba ari silicon monocrystalline.Ibi nibyiza cyane kuruta silikoni polycrystalline.Ubwiza bwikibaho bugomba gupimwa uhereye kumatara yizuba.Igomba kumenya niba ishobora kwishyuza byuzuye bateri.Urumuri ruyobowe nizuba ni urugero.Niba imirasire yizuba yose ari 6V15W, kandi amashanyarazi akorwa kumasaha ni 2.5A, none nigute ushobora kumenya niba silicon monocrystalline iruta silikoni polycrystalline.Habayeho impaka zerekeye silicon ya monocrystalline na silicon polycrystalline kuva kera.Nubwo imikorere ya silikoni ya monocrystalline iri hejuru gato mubizamini bya laboratoire ugereranije na silika polycrystalline, iracyakora neza mubikorwa.Irashobora gukoreshwa kumatara yizuba, monocrystalline cyangwa multicrystalline, mugihe cyose ihujwe nibikoresho byiza.
Ni ngombwa gushyira imirasire y'izuba ahari izuba ryinshi.
Abakiriya benshi bagura amatara yizuba kuko byoroshye kuyashyiraho kandi ntibisaba insinga.Ariko, mubikorwa, ntibareba niba ibidukikije bibereye amatara yizuba.Urashaka ko amatara yizuba yoroshye-gukoreshwa mubice bitarenze amasaha atatu yizuba?Intera nziza yo kwerekera hagati y itara & panneaux solaire igomba kuba metero 5.Igihe kirekire cyo guhindura imikorere, bizaba hasi.
Amatara yizuba akoresha bateri nshya?
Kugeza ubu isoko rya batiri yamatara yizuba irasenyuka cyane cyane ya batiri ya lithium na lithium fer fosifate.Izi nizo mpamvu: Bateri nshya-nshya irashobora kuba ihenze kandi ntishobora kuboneka kubakora benshi;icya kabiri, abakiriya bakomeye, nkabashaka ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, bahabwa ibikoresho bishya bya batiri.Biragoye rero kugura, nubwo bafite amafaranga.
Batare yashenywe iraramba?Biraramba cyane.Amatara yacu, twagurishije hashize imyaka itatu, aracyakoreshwa nabakiriya.Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gusenya bateri.Batteri yo mu rwego rwo hejuru nayo irashobora kuboneka iyo igenzuwe neza.Ntabwo ari ikizamini cyubwiza bwa bateri, ahubwo ni kamere muntu.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya bateri ya lithium ya ternary na batiri ya lithium Ironphosphate?
Izi bateri zikoreshwa cyane cyane mumatara yumuhanda wizuba, hamwe namatara yumwuzure.Ubu bwoko bubiri bwa bateri ya lithium ifite ibiciro bitandukanye.Bafite ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hasi.Batteri ya lithium ya Ternary irakomeye mubushyuhe buke kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mubice bifite ubushyuhe buke.Batteri ya Litiyumu fer fosifate irakomera mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ibereye ibihugu byose.
Nukuri?Kumurika itara ryizuba hamwe na Led chips nyinshi, nibyiza?
Ababikora baragerageza kubyara chip nyinshi ziyobowe bishoboka.Abakiriya bazemeza ko amatara n'amatara bikozwe mubikoresho bihagije nibicuruzwa byiza nibabona ibyuma bihagije biyobora.
Batare niyo ikomeza itara.Umucyo wamatara urashobora kugenwa numubare watt bateri ishobora gutanga.Umucyo ntuziyongera wongeyeho chip ziyobowe, ariko bizongera imbaraga zo guhangana ningufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-18-2022
